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Laundry pods are the most recent addition to liquid and powder detergents. They are single-use capsules that can be efficient, easy to use, and minimize excess waste. However, they also show numerous red flags regarding safety and the environment. Here we explore the science of laundry pods: what's in them; the chemistry behind how they do their work; and their possible risks.Composition of Laundry PodsLaundry pods are designed to make washing easier; they come in packages containing pre-measured amounts of detergent tampered with in a water-soluble film. Inside a laundry pod, the significant contents include:1.Surfactants: Surfactants are the major category of cleaners in the formulation of laundry pods. They act typically by lowering the surface tension of water, enabling it to mix with oil and grease more effectively to break them down and carry off the surface of fabrics. Most laundry pods have both anionic and non-ionic surfactants. However, a significant amount of the detergent is of ionized anionic surfactants, which are the dominant cleaners in helping dissolve dirt and grease. The non-ionic surfactants are milder, yet they help in the rinsing process of the stains and residues (1).2.Enzymes: The different types of enzymes in contemporary laundry pods have the primary purpose of breaking down a specific type of stain. Proteases target protein-based stains, such as blood and food, while lipases tend to act on fat and oil-based stains. Enzymes make the cleaning process more effectively executed, even when water is cold (2).3.Water-soluble film: The casing of a pod is usually made out of something called polyvinyl alcohol. PVA is a synthetic polymer that can easily dissolve into water, even at lower temperatures; this can release the cleaning agents inside the wash. This water-soluble membrane has a very important role in functionality since it ensures the cleaning agents are released only as the pod gets immersed in the water.4.Other additives: Other additives include optical brighteners and fragrances within their composition. The job of an optical brightener is to make the fabric look far better than before by absorbing the ultraviolet light and emitting visible blue light, which makes it whiter. These, along with fragrances, contribute to overall effectiveness; however, they may be a concern regarding allergies and environmental safety as well (1).How Laundry Pods WorkThe entire process of cleaning clothes with a pod can be separated into three steps:1.Dissolution: Thrown into the washing machine, the PVA membrane of the pod dissolves into the wash water. The designed process of dissolution happens in cold, warm, or hot water; hence, the pods are versatile for various loads from different laundry sets (3).2.Surfactant Action: Once the pod is dissolved, the surfactants begin working. They envelop dirt and grease molecules and break them down to then be easily washed away. Combining both anionic and non-ionic surfactants in pods involves the assurance of cleaning all varying types of fabrics and soils at high efficiency.3.Enzymatic Breakdown: The presence of enzymes contributes to the breakdown of tough stains such as food and greasy including blood. These enzymes act on the molecular structures of the stains hence making it easier to wash out the stains. For example, proteases break proteins while lipases act on fat-based stains among others (4).Safety ConcernsWhereas laundry pods are pretty convenient, over time they have been associated with serious safety risks, majorly outweighing the advantages of this invention in case of any contact with young children and pets. These include small size, bright colors, and very concentrated detergent inside the pods:1.Accidental ingestion: Children may consume laundry pods, mistaken for candy. Contraindication of concentrated detergent can present a wide range of symptoms from mild gastrointestinal distress to serious complications such as respiratory distress and CNS depression. There have been various reports regarding cases in which pod ingestion has demanded hospitalization of children (5).2.Dermal and ocular exposure: The concentrated chemicals in laundry pods could cause burns or an injury when in direct contact with skin or eyes. Ocular exposure is most times characterized by features of conjunctivitis, sometimes with corneal abrasions in a more serious manner, where eye irrigation is advised to be done immediately.3.Packaging improvements: To reduce risks associated with laundry pods, companies have implemented safety precautions by using child-resistant packaging and incorporating bittering agents such as Bitrex to reduce the appeal of pods for ingestion to children and pets. How well they work may vary, and the less-expensive, off-brand generic pods do not necessarily follow those standards set by the major brands (6).Environmental ImpactDespite their convenience, laundry pods raise environmental concerns. The key issues revolve around their packaging and the chemical discharge from their use:1.Microplastic pollution: While PVA film is used and marketed as biodegradable in laundry pods, current studies propose that this in the end does not break down in natural bodies of water. The remnants of PVA present in these water bodies contribute to microplastic pollution, which has adverse effects on the aquatic ecosystem (7).2.Chemical runoff: The concentrated chemicals in laundry pods include surfactants, fragrances, and optical brighteners. The chemicals enter the water systems when scattered around during usage. Such chemicals disrupt aquatic life and further contribute to water pollution; hence, there is concern about the long-term environmental impact brought forth by the rising use of the pods (8).3.Packaging waste: Plastic used to package the laundry pods is mostly non-recyclable, hence contributing to landfills, which are already piling up plastic waste. Primarily, companies are now trying to find eco-friendly alternatives to this problem. However, such innovations have not been widely adopted yet (9).ConclusionWhile laundry pods are a convenient and efficient way of doing laundry, on the other hand, it is demonstrably hazardous because of their concentrated chemical composition and packaging. The customer should be made aware of how safety precautions must be taken to avoid any accidents, particularly with youngsters and pets. Additionally, there should not be a complete disregard for the environmental implications of using the laundry pod, and alternatives that are more environmentally friendly should be researched. By balancing convenience for benefits with an understanding of the risks, laundry pods have the potential to be used safely and responsibly in households.References 1.Day R, Bradberry SM, Thomas SHL, Vale JA. Liquid laundry detergent capsules (PODS): a review of their composition and mechanisms of toxicity, and of the circumstances, routes, features, and management of exposure. Clinical Toxicology. 2019 Nov 2;57(11):1053–63. 2.Rigaux-Barry F, Patat AM, Cordier L, Manel J, Sinno-Tellier S. Risks related to pods exposure compared to traditional laundry detergent products: study of cases recorded by French PCC from 2005 to 2012. Toxicologie Analytique Et Clinique. 2017;29(3):257–66. 3.Settimi L, Giordano F, Lauria L, Celentano A, Sesana F, Davanzo F. Surveillance of paediatric exposures to liquid laundry detergent pods in Italy. Injury prevention. 2018;24(1):5–11. 4.Breazzano MP, Day Jr HR, Tanaka S, Tran U. Prospective analysis of pediatric ocular chemical burns: laundry detergent pods. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 2018;22(6):426–8. 5.Kamit-Can F, Alparslan C, Anıl AB, Anıl M, Zengin N, Can E. The need for mechanical ventilation in a child exposed to a laundry detergent pod. The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics. 2016;58(3):323–6. 6.Gulamhusein H, Sabri K. Detergent pods and children: a health hazard on the rise. Can J Emerg Med. 2021 Jan;23(1):137–8. 7.Gwizdała K, Szarlej P, Gnatowski P, Piłat E, Sienkiewicz M, Kucińska-Lipka J. Determination of Liquid Detergent Pods as a Potential Microplastic Source. Редакційна колегія. 2023;248. 8.Kim S, Park J. Comparative life cycle assessment of multiple liquid laundry detergent packaging formats. Sustainability. 2020;12(11):4669. 9.Roberts JR. InFocus: Adverse Effects Rising from Not-So-Benign Detergent Pods. Emergency Medicine News. 2016;38(2):14–5. 

Laundry pods are the most recent addition to liquid and powder detergents. They are single-use capsules that can be efficient, easy to use, and minimize excess waste. However, they also show numerous red flags regarding safety and the environment. Here we explore the science of laundry pods: what's in them; the chemistry behind how they do their work; and their possible risks.Composition of Laundry PodsLaundry pods are designed to make washing easier; they come in packages containing pre-measured amounts of detergent tampered with in a water-soluble film. Inside a laundry pod, the significant contents include:1.Surfactants: Surfactants are the major category of cleaners in the formulation of laundry pods. They act typically by lowering the surface tension of water, enabling it to mix with oil and grease more effectively to break them down and carry off the surface of fabrics. Most laundry pods have both anionic and non-ionic surfactants. However, a significant amount of the detergent is of ionized anionic surfactants, which are the dominant cleaners in helping dissolve dirt and grease. The non-ionic surfactants are milder, yet they help in the rinsing process of the stains and residues (1).2.Enzymes: The different types of enzymes in contemporary laundry pods have the primary purpose of breaking down a specific type of stain. Proteases target protein-based stains, such as blood and food, while lipases tend to act on fat and oil-based stains. Enzymes make the cleaning process more effectively executed, even when water is cold (2).3.Water-soluble film: The casing of a pod is usually made out of something called polyvinyl alcohol. PVA is a synthetic polymer that can easily dissolve into water, even at lower temperatures; this can release the cleaning agents inside the wash. This water-soluble membrane has a very important role in functionality since it ensures the cleaning agents are released only as the pod gets immersed in the water.4.Other additives: Other additives include optical brighteners and fragrances within their composition. The job of an optical brightener is to make the fabric look far better than before by absorbing the ultraviolet light and emitting visible blue light, which makes it whiter. These, along with fragrances, contribute to overall effectiveness; however, they may be a concern regarding allergies and environmental safety as well (1).How Laundry Pods WorkThe entire process of cleaning clothes with a pod can be separated into three steps:1.Dissolution: Thrown into the washing machine, the PVA membrane of the pod dissolves into the wash water. The designed process of dissolution happens in cold, warm, or hot water; hence, the pods are versatile for various loads from different laundry sets (3).2.Surfactant Action: Once the pod is dissolved, the surfactants begin working. They envelop dirt and grease molecules and break them down to then be easily washed away. Combining both anionic and non-ionic surfactants in pods involves the assurance of cleaning all varying types of fabrics and soils at high efficiency.3.Enzymatic Breakdown: The presence of enzymes contributes to the breakdown of tough stains such as food and greasy including blood. These enzymes act on the molecular structures of the stains hence making it easier to wash out the stains. For example, proteases break proteins while lipases act on fat-based stains among others (4).Safety ConcernsWhereas laundry pods are pretty convenient, over time they have been associated with serious safety risks, majorly outweighing the advantages of this invention in case of any contact with young children and pets. These include small size, bright colors, and very concentrated detergent inside the pods:1.Accidental ingestion: Children may consume laundry pods, mistaken for candy. Contraindication of concentrated detergent can present a wide range of symptoms from mild gastrointestinal distress to serious complications such as respiratory distress and CNS depression. There have been various reports regarding cases in which pod ingestion has demanded hospitalization of children (5).2.Dermal and ocular exposure: The concentrated chemicals in laundry pods could cause burns or an injury when in direct contact with skin or eyes. Ocular exposure is most times characterized by features of conjunctivitis, sometimes with corneal abrasions in a more serious manner, where eye irrigation is advised to be done immediately.3.Packaging improvements: To reduce risks associated with laundry pods, companies have implemented safety precautions by using child-resistant packaging and incorporating bittering agents such as Bitrex to reduce the appeal of pods for ingestion to children and pets. How well they work may vary, and the less-expensive, off-brand generic pods do not necessarily follow those standards set by the major brands (6).Environmental ImpactDespite their convenience, laundry pods raise environmental concerns. The key issues revolve around their packaging and the chemical discharge from their use:1.Microplastic pollution: While PVA film is used and marketed as biodegradable in laundry pods, current studies propose that this in the end does not break down in natural bodies of water. The remnants of PVA present in these water bodies contribute to microplastic pollution, which has adverse effects on the aquatic ecosystem (7).2.Chemical runoff: The concentrated chemicals in laundry pods include surfactants, fragrances, and optical brighteners. The chemicals enter the water systems when scattered around during usage. Such chemicals disrupt aquatic life and further contribute to water pollution; hence, there is concern about the long-term environmental impact brought forth by the rising use of the pods (8).3.Packaging waste: Plastic used to package the laundry pods is mostly non-recyclable, hence contributing to landfills, which are already piling up plastic waste. Primarily, companies are now trying to find eco-friendly alternatives to this problem. However, such innovations have not been widely adopted yet (9).ConclusionWhile laundry pods are a convenient and efficient way of doing laundry, on the other hand, it is demonstrably hazardous because of their concentrated chemical composition and packaging. The customer should be made aware of how safety precautions must be taken to avoid any accidents, particularly with youngsters and pets. Additionally, there should not be a complete disregard for the environmental implications of using the laundry pod, and alternatives that are more environmentally friendly should be researched. By balancing convenience for benefits with an understanding of the risks, laundry pods have the potential to be used safely and responsibly in households.References 1.Day R, Bradberry SM, Thomas SHL, Vale JA. Liquid laundry detergent capsules (PODS): a review of their composition and mechanisms of toxicity, and of the circumstances, routes, features, and management of exposure. Clinical Toxicology. 2019 Nov 2;57(11):1053–63. 2.Rigaux-Barry F, Patat AM, Cordier L, Manel J, Sinno-Tellier S. Risks related to pods exposure compared to traditional laundry detergent products: study of cases recorded by French PCC from 2005 to 2012. Toxicologie Analytique Et Clinique. 2017;29(3):257–66. 3.Settimi L, Giordano F, Lauria L, Celentano A, Sesana F, Davanzo F. Surveillance of paediatric exposures to liquid laundry detergent pods in Italy. Injury prevention. 2018;24(1):5–11. 4.Breazzano MP, Day Jr HR, Tanaka S, Tran U. Prospective analysis of pediatric ocular chemical burns: laundry detergent pods. Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 2018;22(6):426–8. 5.Kamit-Can F, Alparslan C, Anıl AB, Anıl M, Zengin N, Can E. The need for mechanical ventilation in a child exposed to a laundry detergent pod. The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics. 2016;58(3):323–6. 6.Gulamhusein H, Sabri K. Detergent pods and children: a health hazard on the rise. Can J Emerg Med. 2021 Jan;23(1):137–8. 7.Gwizdała K, Szarlej P, Gnatowski P, Piłat E, Sienkiewicz M, Kucińska-Lipka J. Determination of Liquid Detergent Pods as a Potential Microplastic Source. Редакційна колегія. 2023;248. 8.Kim S, Park J. Comparative life cycle assessment of multiple liquid laundry detergent packaging formats. Sustainability. 2020;12(11):4669. 9.Roberts JR. InFocus: Adverse Effects Rising from Not-So-Benign Detergent Pods. Emergency Medicine News. 2016;38(2):14–5. 

Laundry detergent pods have become inseparable from households as people find them easy to handle and highly efficient. Compared to traditional liquid or powder detergents, they are extremely useful (1). Following are some of the benefits of using laundry pods over conventional detergents.1. Convenience and Ease of UseThe immediate benefit of laundry pods is convenience. Traditional detergents require users to measure the amount for each load, making laundry more time- and effort-consuming. In contrast, laundry pods come pre-measured, minimizing the risk of using too much or too little detergent. This ease of use particularly appeals to busy individuals or those looking to simplify the laundry process.Studies have reported that laundry pods have made this quite simple since the messy measuring cups are eliminated, and the exact amount of the detergent is used every time to avoid over- or under-dosing. The water-soluble PVA film around the pod dissolves in water to release the detergent into the wash at any water temperature. This convenience feature adds to the user experience by causing minimal hassle and maximum cleaning efficacy (2,3).2. Efficient and Consistent Cleaning PerformanceWith laundry pods, cleaning results are consistent due to the concentrated formula. Traditional detergents mostly face the problem of uneven distribution in the wash because they are never measured correctly. For instance, there can be detergent residues or insufficient cleaning. Using laundry pods, the major benefit is that they leave the perfect amount of detergent for the clothes to be cleaned without leaving any residue.This is supported by studies, which predict the unaltered cleaning characteristics of these pods since they include highly concentrated surfactants and enzymes that help not only prevent stain particles but also disintegrate them into tiny bits (4). Laundry pods typically contain both anionic and non-ionic surfactants, with the non-ionic aiding in the effective removal of stains on clothes and the anionic acting as a backup during such procedures, giving it an advantage over conventional detergents in some ways.3. Cold Water Compatibility and Energy EfficiencyLaundry pods are designed to perform effectively in cold water, saving much more energy than standard detergents, which may require warm or hot water to operate. Heating water often consumes a significant amount of energy in washing; so, using pods that function well with cold water can result in cheaper energy costs and a lower carbon imprint. A significant point to consider is that laundry pods have the potential to provide ecological benefits in terms of energy use. Because these pods are constructed of diverse cleaning chemicals activated at low temperatures, they allow consumers to wash clothes efficiently in cold water, which reduces energy use. The two factors listed above make washing pods both cost-effective and environmentally friendly (5). 4. Reduction in Detergent Waste and SpillageTraditional detergents are prone to overuse and spills, which leads to waste and the possibility of residue accumulation on clothes. Most users accidentally overdose on detergent in a single cycle, particularly when working with extremely concentrated liquids or powders. However, laundry pods eliminate this issue because they are pre-measured, reducing waste and the possibility of overloading a washing machine with detergent. Research has shown that these small pods reduce waste by ensuring the user consumes only enough detergent for the load. This reduces additional residues on materials that might cause skin irritations and allergic responses. Furthermore, laundry pods will never accidentally spill or pour too much detergent, making them a cleaner and more effective alternative to traditional detergents (6).5. Environmentally Friendly PackagingOne of the lesser-known advantages of washing pods is that they are substantially more environmentally friendly than traditional packaging. This comprises a narrow, translucent exterior shell of the pod, which is primarily constructed of PVA polymer that dissolves in water and is biodegradable under certain conditions. This eliminates the need for bulky plastic detergent bottles, which add to landfill waste and environmental degradation. According to research, laundry pods produce less plastic waste than standard liquid detergent bottles. Laundry pods, as a result, can present customers with an opportunity to contribute to a smaller ecological imprint, as this alternative can successfully reduce the amount of single-use plastics in circulation (7). Safety ConsiderationsWhile laundry pods are generally efficient and useful, they do have some dangers and should be used with caution in homes with small children or pets. Many washing pods are small and colorful, making them mistaken for candy and posing a poisoning risk if consumed (8). On the other hand, many researchers have argued that laundry pods offer greater hazards than ordinary detergents. Various studies have shown that children exposed to laundry pods experience severe symptoms including vomiting, coughing, and respiratory distress. Because the formula in a pod is concentrated, exposure causes acute poisoning by eating and inhalation. This necessitates keeping the washing pods in a secure location that is out of children's reach (9).ConclusionThe advantages of laundry pods over detergents include convenience, consistent cleaning performance, energy efficiency, minimal waste, and environmentally friendly packaging. They are meant to ensure that the user receives the appropriate amount of detergent in each load, reducing overuse and spills. Aside from that, they would be more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, as many of them may be used immediately in cold water. Though harder pods have some substantial advantages, customers should still be concerned about their safety, particularly in households with children. Taking proper measures and keeping them out of reach allows consumers to reap the majority of the benefits of laundry pods while limiting the hazards associated with their use.References 1.Murphy RH. The rationality of literal tide pod consumption. Journal of Bioeconomics. 2019;21(2):111–22. 2.Cotton L, Hayward AS, Lant NJ, Blackburn RS. Improved garment longevity and reduced microfibre release are important sustainability benefits of laundering in colder and quicker washing machine cycles. Dyes and Pigments. 2020;177:108120. 3.Day R, Bradberry SM, Thomas SHL, Vale JA. Liquid laundry detergent capsules (PODS): a review of their composition and mechanisms of toxicity, and of the circumstances, routes, features, and management of exposure. Clinical Toxicology. 2019 Nov 2;57(11):1053–63. 4.Settimi L, Giordano F, Lauria L, Celentano A, Sesana F, Davanzo F. Surveillance of paediatric exposures to liquid laundry detergent pods in Italy. Injury prevention. 2018;24(1):5–11. 5.Kim S, Park J. Comparative life cycle assessment of multiple liquid laundry detergent packaging formats. Sustainability. 2020;12(11):4669. 6.Rigaux-Barry F, Patat AM, Cordier L, Manel J, Sinno-Tellier S. Risks related to pods exposure compared to traditional laundry detergent products: study of cases recorded by French PCC from 2005 to 2012. Toxicologie Analytique Et Clinique. 2017;29(3):257–66. 7.Gwizdała K, Szarlej P, Gnatowski P, Piłat E, Sienkiewicz M, Kucińska-Lipka J. Determination of Liquid Detergent Pods as a Potential Microplastic Source. Редакційна колегія. 2023;248. 8.Shah LW. Ingestion of laundry detergent packets in children. Critical care nurse. 2016;36(4):70–5. 9.Blumberg SM, Nguyen V, Chou KJ. Evaluation of the Poisoned Patient. Clinical Manual of Emergency Pediatrics. 2018;442. 

Laundry detergent pods have become inseparable from households as people find them easy to handle and highly efficient. Compared to traditional liquid or powder detergents, they are extremely useful (1). Following are some of the benefits of using laundry pods over conventional detergents.1. Convenience and Ease of UseThe immediate benefit of laundry pods is convenience. Traditional detergents require users to measure the amount for each load, making laundry more time- and effort-consuming. In contrast, laundry pods come pre-measured, minimizing the risk of using too much or too little detergent. This ease of use particularly appeals to busy individuals or those looking to simplify the laundry process.Studies have reported that laundry pods have made this quite simple since the messy measuring cups are eliminated, and the exact amount of the detergent is used every time to avoid over- or under-dosing. The water-soluble PVA film around the pod dissolves in water to release the detergent into the wash at any water temperature. This convenience feature adds to the user experience by causing minimal hassle and maximum cleaning efficacy (2,3).2. Efficient and Consistent Cleaning PerformanceWith laundry pods, cleaning results are consistent due to the concentrated formula. Traditional detergents mostly face the problem of uneven distribution in the wash because they are never measured correctly. For instance, there can be detergent residues or insufficient cleaning. Using laundry pods, the major benefit is that they leave the perfect amount of detergent for the clothes to be cleaned without leaving any residue.This is supported by studies, which predict the unaltered cleaning characteristics of these pods since they include highly concentrated surfactants and enzymes that help not only prevent stain particles but also disintegrate them into tiny bits (4). Laundry pods typically contain both anionic and non-ionic surfactants, with the non-ionic aiding in the effective removal of stains on clothes and the anionic acting as a backup during such procedures, giving it an advantage over conventional detergents in some ways.3. Cold Water Compatibility and Energy EfficiencyLaundry pods are designed to perform effectively in cold water, saving much more energy than standard detergents, which may require warm or hot water to operate. Heating water often consumes a significant amount of energy in washing; so, using pods that function well with cold water can result in cheaper energy costs and a lower carbon imprint. A significant point to consider is that laundry pods have the potential to provide ecological benefits in terms of energy use. Because these pods are constructed of diverse cleaning chemicals activated at low temperatures, they allow consumers to wash clothes efficiently in cold water, which reduces energy use. The two factors listed above make washing pods both cost-effective and environmentally friendly (5). 4. Reduction in Detergent Waste and SpillageTraditional detergents are prone to overuse and spills, which leads to waste and the possibility of residue accumulation on clothes. Most users accidentally overdose on detergent in a single cycle, particularly when working with extremely concentrated liquids or powders. However, laundry pods eliminate this issue because they are pre-measured, reducing waste and the possibility of overloading a washing machine with detergent. Research has shown that these small pods reduce waste by ensuring the user consumes only enough detergent for the load. This reduces additional residues on materials that might cause skin irritations and allergic responses. Furthermore, laundry pods will never accidentally spill or pour too much detergent, making them a cleaner and more effective alternative to traditional detergents (6).5. Environmentally Friendly PackagingOne of the lesser-known advantages of washing pods is that they are substantially more environmentally friendly than traditional packaging. This comprises a narrow, translucent exterior shell of the pod, which is primarily constructed of PVA polymer that dissolves in water and is biodegradable under certain conditions. This eliminates the need for bulky plastic detergent bottles, which add to landfill waste and environmental degradation. According to research, laundry pods produce less plastic waste than standard liquid detergent bottles. Laundry pods, as a result, can present customers with an opportunity to contribute to a smaller ecological imprint, as this alternative can successfully reduce the amount of single-use plastics in circulation (7). Safety ConsiderationsWhile laundry pods are generally efficient and useful, they do have some dangers and should be used with caution in homes with small children or pets. Many washing pods are small and colorful, making them mistaken for candy and posing a poisoning risk if consumed (8). On the other hand, many researchers have argued that laundry pods offer greater hazards than ordinary detergents. Various studies have shown that children exposed to laundry pods experience severe symptoms including vomiting, coughing, and respiratory distress. Because the formula in a pod is concentrated, exposure causes acute poisoning by eating and inhalation. This necessitates keeping the washing pods in a secure location that is out of children's reach (9).ConclusionThe advantages of laundry pods over detergents include convenience, consistent cleaning performance, energy efficiency, minimal waste, and environmentally friendly packaging. They are meant to ensure that the user receives the appropriate amount of detergent in each load, reducing overuse and spills. Aside from that, they would be more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, as many of them may be used immediately in cold water. Though harder pods have some substantial advantages, customers should still be concerned about their safety, particularly in households with children. Taking proper measures and keeping them out of reach allows consumers to reap the majority of the benefits of laundry pods while limiting the hazards associated with their use.References 1.Murphy RH. The rationality of literal tide pod consumption. Journal of Bioeconomics. 2019;21(2):111–22. 2.Cotton L, Hayward AS, Lant NJ, Blackburn RS. Improved garment longevity and reduced microfibre release are important sustainability benefits of laundering in colder and quicker washing machine cycles. Dyes and Pigments. 2020;177:108120. 3.Day R, Bradberry SM, Thomas SHL, Vale JA. Liquid laundry detergent capsules (PODS): a review of their composition and mechanisms of toxicity, and of the circumstances, routes, features, and management of exposure. Clinical Toxicology. 2019 Nov 2;57(11):1053–63. 4.Settimi L, Giordano F, Lauria L, Celentano A, Sesana F, Davanzo F. Surveillance of paediatric exposures to liquid laundry detergent pods in Italy. Injury prevention. 2018;24(1):5–11. 5.Kim S, Park J. Comparative life cycle assessment of multiple liquid laundry detergent packaging formats. Sustainability. 2020;12(11):4669. 6.Rigaux-Barry F, Patat AM, Cordier L, Manel J, Sinno-Tellier S. Risks related to pods exposure compared to traditional laundry detergent products: study of cases recorded by French PCC from 2005 to 2012. Toxicologie Analytique Et Clinique. 2017;29(3):257–66. 7.Gwizdała K, Szarlej P, Gnatowski P, Piłat E, Sienkiewicz M, Kucińska-Lipka J. Determination of Liquid Detergent Pods as a Potential Microplastic Source. Редакційна колегія. 2023;248. 8.Shah LW. Ingestion of laundry detergent packets in children. Critical care nurse. 2016;36(4):70–5. 9.Blumberg SM, Nguyen V, Chou KJ. Evaluation of the Poisoned Patient. Clinical Manual of Emergency Pediatrics. 2018;442.