How does the antibacterial hand sanitizer work?

To demystify the action of antibacterial hand sanitizer, we had to discuss its ingredients. Hand sanitizers are often spiked with non-pharmaceutical compounds that have disinfecting and bacteriostatic properties, but only in their ability to prevent bacteria from multiplying in the lab. When it comes to disease prevention, there is currently no evidence that toiletries labeled 'bacteriostatic/antibacterial' are superior to regular soap and water. In this case, do we still need to use antibacterial hand sanitizer? Can it bring extra protection to us and our families? First of all, for the evaluation of the antibacterial effect, I would like to say that any antibacterial statement that does not involve concentration is a hooligan. This is because both disinfectants and bacteriostatic agents have a lower inhibitory concentration that can function, and below this limit, there is no longer any bacteriostatic effect. That is, people must wash their hands with running water. If the washing time is longer and the effect of washing is more thorough, then whether the residual antibacterial agent on the skin will work will vary from person to person. Second, we must have a correct understanding of the body's own immune system. The skin of the human hand is a natural barrier, which not only maintains the natural balance of various bacteria on the hand, but also defends the human body against a large number of pathogenic bacteria. If the antibacterial hand sanitizer is used to affect the living environment of the normal flora, it is likely to lead to dysbiosis of the flora, which is not conducive to the exercise of the human immune system. Third, the study found that even with soaps that do not contain antibacterial ingredients, as long as they go through a standardized and careful hand-washing process, most of the injured adherent colonies can be eliminated. If you simply wash your hands with antibacterial hand sanitizer, it will also lead to the attachment and spread of pathogenic bacteria.