Organic solvents commonly found in washing

1. Hydrocarbon cleaning agent Also known as hydrocarbon cleaning agent. Its relative advantages are strong oil-dissolving ability, safety, low odor, high cleaning power, can be completely regenerated, and can be distilled and recycled for repeated use. The main component of the hydrocarbon detergent formulation is alkane, which is a narrow fraction of 150~190 ℃ that is specially cut from the oil by the rectification tower of the refinery, and then undergoes refining treatments such as hydrogenation, desulfurization, dearomatization, impurity removal, and decolorization. , obtain saturated alkane, and then compound with stabilizer, antioxidant and washing aid to prepare hydrocarbon cleaning agent. The main components of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent widely used in industry are C*9~C*11 saturated linear alkanes or saturated alkanes with few branched chains. The closed-mouth lightning of the hydrocarbon cleaning agent is ≥52 degrees Celsius. This temperature cannot be reached under the normal production conditions of the factory. If the local temperature can be reached in time, there will be no danger of flash fire without sufficient solvent vapor and the presence of an open flame. Hydrocarbon detergent technology is a non-toxic grade product. 2. The solvent-based cleaning agent product does not contain water, or only contains a very small amount of water, and does not contain anti-rust additives, which will not cause rust conditions to the workpiece. However, in the case of high humidity, the workpiece after cleaning needs to be treated with anti-rust treatment. 3. Other hydrocarbon solvents Hydrocarbon solvents are also called petroleum solvents, because many hydrocarbon solvents are fractions and derivatives of petroleum. For example, naphtha is a general term for various hydrocarbon mixtures with a wide range of boiling point fractions from 20 to 220 °C. . In hydrocarbon solvents, the solvency decreases in the following order: Aromatic hydrocarbons>Naphthenic>Paraffinic alkanes. Hydrocarbon solvents with lightning temperature above 38 °C, initial distillation temperature above 150 °C, 50% distillation temperature above 180 °C, and distillation end point below 210 °C are also used in the formulation of dry cleaning agents. Gasoline is mainly aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ethane, heptane, pentane, and decane, and gasoline for solvent contains more aromatic hydrocarbons. The crude gasoline is heptane and octane. The solubility of cycloethane is similar to that of ethane and benzene, but its toxicity is lower than that of benzene, so it can be used as a substitute. The solubility of toluene is similar to that of benzene, but the boiling point and lightning are higher than that of benzene, and the toxicity is lower than that of benzene. And less toxic than benzene. Tuman (1.2.3.4 - Tetrahydrodahlon) can be mixed with almost all organic solvents except water. It is a solvent with a very wide range of dissolution. It can be used for degreasing bulk washing powder in the fiber industry, and can also be used for resin stains. 4. Haloalkane Chlorohydrocarbon solvents are called non-flammable solvents due to their greatly reduced flammability and flammability. Carbon tetrachloride has been discontinued due to its toxicity to humans and corrosiveness to equipment. 1.1.1 – Trichloroethane and perchloroethylene still have issues of instability and toxicity. Trichloroethylene has strong dissolving power, good solubility in oils, resins and waxes, and can dissolve tar and chewing gum. West vinyl chloride is suitable for dry cleaning of almost all natural and synthetic fibers. Compared with trichloroethylene, its solubility is moderate, and under ordinary conditions of use, it does not generate hydrogen chloride even if it comes into contact with water. But pure trichloroethylene can be slowly oxidized in air to generate hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide and phosgene CHCI=CCL2+O2→HCL+CO+COCL2
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